
What is Sin?
The Greek word in The New Testament that is translated into English as “sin” is hamartia. It is an archery term that literally means missing the target. The target, of course, would be perfection. I know I have not only missed the target, but sometimes I miss so badly I wonder if I was ever aiming in the right direction to begin with.
We could spend days or months covering the topic of sin itself. However, for our purpose here, I am just going to focus on the drinking aspect.
Intoxicants – Or Not?
First, I think it would be significant to note what people in history (Old Testament) drank. Was it truly an intoxicant, grape juice or something similar, but without alcoholic properties? It is a common argument their beverages did not include alcohol, or that their wine was grape juice.
The Hebrew term shekhar; sikera; from shakhar means to become drunk. Originally shekhar seems to have been a general term for intoxicating drinks of all kinds, without reference to the material out of which they were made; and in that sense, it would include wine. Before the Hebrews settled in Canaan they had not heard of wine from grapes, and did not need a special word to describe it. After arriving in Canaan, they cultivated wine, and borrowed the word “yayin” to separate it from shekhar. At that point, shekhar changed to mean all intoxicating beverages, other than wine. 1
There are many instances in the Bible of drunkenness: Noah, Lot, Nabal, Uriah, Amnon, Elah, king of Israel, Benhadad, king of Syria, etc. Its prevalence is also found in the New Testament: Matthew 24:49, Luke 21:34, Acts 2:13-15, Ephesians 5:18 and 1 Thessalonians 5:7. 2
“There can be no doubt that shekhar was intoxicating. This is proved.” – D. Miall Edwards1
What does the Bible say about drinking alcohol? (The scripture references are hot linked, it will take you to bible.com to read them)
The Old Testament says:
† Genesis 43:34 – festive atmosphere
† Isaiah 5:11 – talks about excessive drinking
† Isaiah 28:1-8 – over indulgence
† Proverbs 23:29-33 -over indulgence
† Leviticus 10:8,9 – Instructions for Priests
† Ezekiel 44:21 -Instructions for Priests
† Numbers 6:3 -Instructions for Priests
† Amos 2:12 – Vows
† Jeremiah 35:6, 8, 14 – Rechabites living a Nomadic life
† Daniel 1:8-16 – Voluntary abstinence
† Judges 9:13 – Wine cheers God and people
† Psalms 104:15 – Cheers
† Proverbs 31:6,7 – Cheers/helps sick
The New Testament says:
† Luke 21:34 – Excessive
† Matthew 24:49 – Excessive
† Luke 12:45 – Excessive
† Galatians 5:21 – Excessive
† Ephesians 5:18 – Excessive
† Acts 24:25 – Self-control
† Galatians 5:23 – Self-control
† 2 Peter 1:6 – Self-control
† 1 Timothy 3:2 – Instructions for Elders
† Titus 1:7; 2:2 – Self-control
† Luke 1:15 – Instructions for Zechariah for his son John the Baptist
† Matthew 11:19 – Jesus called a “wine bibber” by his enemies
† John 2:10 – Jesus turning water in the best wine at the party
† Luke 5:38; 17:8 – Enjoyment
† Matthew 16:24 – If you put alcohol before Jesus there is a definite issue
† Mark 9:42 – Leading someone to sin
† Romans 14:13-21 – If someone believes it is wrong for them, it is
† 1 Corinthians 8:8-13 – Leading someone to sin
So, is drinking alcohol a sin?
I would say that this is between you and God. If you believe it is a sin, then I would treat it like that, and abstain. However, my interpretation, based on Scripture, is that it is completely fine to enjoy alcohol in moderation. There is obviously a lot of reference to excessive drinking, and being drunk. I believe that the reason for that is when we are drunk, we lose our inhibitions and it could easily lead to other sins. Alcohol does have some nice qualities according to the Bible. It cheers people up, helps people that are ill feel better, and promotes fellowship.
Have any thoughts? Leave them in the comments.
Update – The source links did not get included in the original post.
1 The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia – Drink, Strong
2 The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia – Drunkenness
Cheers and God Bless!